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Stones / Misunderstood / Aquamarine

Aquamarine

Beryl — iron blue

Forget pale and washed-out. A fine aquamarine is the colour of glacial ice with light behind it.

Aquamarine is blue beryl, coloured by iron. The finest stones — deep, saturated blue without green or grey — have been compared to everything from Caribbean water to the inner light of a glacier. Its reputation for pastels is a commercial artefact, not a geological reality.

7.5–8
Mohs Hardness
1.567–1.590
Refractive Index
2.68–2.74
Specific Gravity
Brazil / Nigeria / Madagascar
Classic Origin
Widely Available
Availability

The History

Aquamarine has been a talisman of sailors and travellers since antiquity, its name derived from the Latin aqua marina — water of the sea. Ancient Romans carved it into vessels, believing it would protect against poison and ensure safe passage at sea. The Mughal emperors used large aquamarines as ceremonial cups. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found — the Madre de Deus — was discovered in Brazil in 1910 and weighed 110.5kg.

"The Santa Maria aquamarine, named after the mine in Minas Gerais, Brazil, sets the standard: a deep, intensely saturated blue with no green or grey component. When people describe aquamarine as pale, they've simply never seen a fine one."

Why I Love Working With It

Aquamarine's exceptional clarity — it is one of the few coloured stones where eye-clean specimens are the norm — allows for cutting styles that maximise light return: large emerald cuts, wide ovals, deep cushions. The stone's colour also plays beautifully against yellow gold, creating warm/cool contrast that very few other gems can match.

What to Look For

Deep, saturated blue is paramount. Santa Maria origin (Brazil) and Santa Maria Africana (Mozambique) are the benchmark names in the trade. Avoid grey or greenish stones unless the colour is otherwise exceptional. Aquamarine is typically clean — significant inclusions should reduce the price accordingly. Large sizes are relatively accessible compared to other fine gems.

Pieces Featuring Aquamarine

From the Métamorphism collection

Explore Related Stones

Aquamarine and emerald share the same mineral family

Interested in aquamarine?

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